Isotretinoin is a derivative of vitamin A and it acts directly on the surface tissues of the skin.
It is used for the long term systemic treatment of severe acne, but because of the risk of potentially serious side effects isotretinoin is only prescribed as a last resort.
Hair shafts across the entire body contain sebaceous glands that act as the skin's natural lubricant by secreting a thick oily substance called sebum. During periods of increased hormonal activity such as puberty or pregnancy the glands may produce more sebum that the pores can secrete. As a result the sebum blocks hair follicles and acne, a form of skin lesion results.
Isotretinoin works by decreasing the size of the sebaceous glands and interfering with their normal function. By thinning the composition of the sebum and lowering the levels at which it is produced acne can be reduced.
Isotretinoin must not be used at any time during pregnancy or within one month of becoming pregnant. Use of isotretinoin during the first trimester of pregnancy may result in a higher risk of miscarriage and congenital malformations including nervous system defects, facial defects and cleft palate.
Common brand names
Common side effects
Ninety percent of users experience the following symptoms. If they persist you should consult your doctor.
If you are not pregnant and plan to start using isotretinoin you should have a pregnancy test to exclude the possibility of pregnancy and use two reliable forms of contraception while you are on the medication. Begin using isotretinoin on the third day of the subsequent menstrual cycle to further ensure you aren't pregnant. Avoid pregnancy for at least one full month after discontinuing isotretinoin. Some doctors require signature of a consent form before prescribing the medication.
Isotretinoin may pass into the breastmilk. This drug should not be used while breastfeeding.
Isotretinoin is not recommended for use by children and infants under the age of thirteen.
There are no known food interactions with isotretinoin.
Consuming alcohol while using isotretinoin may cause an unhealthy rise in the levels of triglycerides.
Consult your doctor before taking isotretinoin if you have a history of:
Consult your doctor before taking isotretinoin if you are taking any of the following drugs, medications or supplements.
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